Within Europe, several institutes have already gone through this process over the past decade. As a result of health system reforms, for efficiency reasons (increase critical mass, better use of budgets or economies) or due to better understanding of the population needs, public health authorities have often considered major reforms or mergers of existing public health organizations, with the purpose of strengthening core activities to provide better focus within health systems and to create more comprehensive NPHIs. Multiple organizations related to public health have often been created in countries according to local needs, to implement different essential public health functions and operations and host specific disciplines. Since they were established, the public health landscape has changed considerably, with new challenges, priorities, structures, technologies, skills, holistic approaches and funding and budget pressures. Many national public health institutes (NPHIs) were established in the second half of the 20th century. National Public Health Institute of Liberia.Guinea Bissau National Institute of Public Health.It includes detailed descriptions of content that countries might want to include in their legal frameworks and case studies from countries with varied experiences creating NPHIs by decree, law, or regulation. It also describes processes countries have used to place NPHIs on sound legal footing, and some of the typical challenges and facilitating factors encountered. The purpose of this document – Providing a Legal Framework for an NPHI – is to describe the types of legal mechanisms countries are using to establish NPHIs or enhance the stature of existing NPHIs and the issues typically addressed. Regardless of the organizations or parts of organizations that comprise the new NPHI, a legal framework that clearly defines what the NPHI will do and how it will operate is an important step to providing the clarity of mission, governance, leadership, and finance that contribute to success. Others have their origin in research institutes, some of which are authorized by laws. Many NPHIs are largely developed from units within Ministries of Health and may not have specific legal language that specifies their functions and authorities. Zambia National Public Health InstituteĮnglish French Portuguese Arabic Africa CDC: Providing a Legal Framework for a National Public Health InstituteĬreating a national public health institute (NPHI) usually involves bringing together functions that previously existed in separate organizational units, sometimes with the addition of functions or units that did not previously exist in the national government.US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.South Africa National Institute for Communicable Diseases.International Association of National Public Health Institutes.Human Development and Public Health Initiative, Nigeria.Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention.The creation of this document was a collaborative effort between: The appendices can serve as guidance documents for African countries that want to create more robust and effective national public health capacities. It includes topics for NPHIs to consider as they develop, such as mandates, guiding principles and activities that are vital to create, strengthen and sustain NPHIs. Building upon the experience of IANPHI and adapted from IANPHI Framework for National Public Health Institute (NPHI) Development, the Framework for Development of NPHIs is tailored to African context and describes NPHIs, including core aspects of their operations and public health functions.
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